Apache Kafka Architecture & Core Fundamentals
Complete architectural overview of Apache Kafka — origins, the M×N integration problem, the 4 pillars of Kafka's extreme speed (sequential I/O, page cache, zero-copy, batching), message anatomy, and the dumb broker / smart consumer paradigm.
Best Practices for Many-To-One and One-To-Many Association Mappings
Detailed guide and senior deep dive into JPA/Hibernate best practices for @ManyToOne and @OneToMany mappings based on Thorben Janssen's tutorial.
Bloom Filters
A comprehensive guide to Bloom filters, covering probabilistic data structures, implementation details, use cases, interview questions, and real-world applications.
Caching Strategies
In-depth guide to caching strategies including cache-aside, write-through, write-behind, eviction policies, cache stampede prevention, hotkeys, Redis data structures, and multi-level caching.
CPU Scheduling
CPU scheduling algorithms, metrics, multilevel queues, real-time scheduling, and how the Linux CFS scheduler works.
Database Connection Pooling
A complete guide to database connection pooling — how connections work, pool mechanics, HikariCP tuning, pool sizing formulas, failure modes, PgBouncer, RDS Proxy, and production observability. Beginner through senior depth.
Exporting 5 Million Rows Without Killing the Database: Keyset Seek, JDBC Buffers & net_write_timeout
Physical engine mechanics of large-scale database exports: why LIMIT OFFSET degrades linearly, keyset pagination pitfalls, Go streaming vs Java JDBC OutOfMemoryError, and an anatomy of the net_write_timeout socket failure.
Garbage Collection: Lifecycle, Algorithms & STW
Interactive deep dive into HotSpot GC — object lifecycle Eden/S0/S1/Old, Mark-Copy/Sweep/Compact, and collector evolution from Serial to ZGC.
Indexing & Query Optimization
Deep dive into database indexing mechanisms — covering disk I/O, B-Trees, hash indexes, composite index design, geospatial indexing, inverted indexes, EXPLAIN analysis, and Spring/JPA performance.
Java Interview for Experienced (Part 1)
Experienced Java interview scenarios including memory behavior, HashMap resizing, and performance topics.
JPA & Hibernate: Entity Lifecycle, State Transitions, and Persistence Methods
A comprehensive guide to JPA and Hibernate persistence methods — entity lifecycle states, persist vs save vs merge vs update, primary key strategies, performance implications, and production deep dives for senior engineers.
JVM Internals: Memory, GC & Class Loading
Guide to JVM internals covering memory layout, garbage collection, class loading, and runtime performance basics.
Kafka Broker — Complete Guide
A complete guide to Kafka brokers — what they are, how storage works, partition leadership, replication, ISR, KRaft vs ZooKeeper, log compaction, performance internals, and production monitoring. Beginner through senior depth.
Kafka Performance Tuning Guide
End-to-end Kafka performance tuning — producer batching, broker I/O, consumer throughput, JVM and OS tuning, compression selection, tiered storage, and benchmarking methodology.
Kafka Throughput Optimization & Zero-Copy Architecture
A deep-dive into maximizing Kafka throughput — covering Linux Zero-Copy sendfile(), OS Page Cache mechanics, compression algorithms, producer batching, consumer fetch tuning, and kernel network optimizations.
MySQL Indexing Vượt Qua Dấu Bằng: ORDER BY, Range Scans, ICP & Deferred Joins
Chi tiết cơ chế đánh index MySQL nâng cao: phân biệt Seek vs Filter, quy tắc Leftmost Prefix, ESR rule, Index Condition Pushdown (ICP), Skip Scan, và kỹ thuật Deferred Join tăng tốc 148 lần.
Network Performance & Optimization
Latency, bandwidth, throughput, connection pooling, keep-alive, HTTP/2 multiplexing, QUIC, compression, and practical tuning techniques.
Off-Heap Memory & FFM API: High-Performance Native Memory in Modern Java (Java 22+)
Comprehensive guide to Off-Heap Memory and Foreign Function & Memory API (JEP 454) in Java 22+. Learn how to bypass Garbage Collection Stop-the-World pauses, eliminate object overhead, achieve Zero-Copy I/O, manage MemorySegment and Arena scopes, and avoid Kubernetes OOMKilled crashes.
OpenTelemetry Sampling Strategies (Tail-based vs Head-based)
Deep dive into Distributed Tracing Sampling Strategies with OpenTelemetry Collector, Tail-based vs Head-based sampling, Multi-Collector Load-Balancing, memory protection, and cloud storage cost optimization.
Parallel Consumer & Alternatives
Deep-dive into the Confluent Parallel Consumer model (now unmaintained), its internals, ordering modes, offset bitmap mechanics, and practical migration paths — Spring Boot virtual threads, manual executor dispatch, and the upcoming Kafka Share Groups (KIP-932).
Performance & Monitoring
Identifying slow queries, profiling tools, key metrics, connection pooling, and practical optimization workflow.
Production Database Anti-Patterns: The Seven Tables Every Database Has
Deep dive into the 7 universal database tables that organically emerge in production systems, technical debt blast radius, and zero-downtime schema hygiene runbooks.
Production OOM from Innocent Code: ReDoS, 4 Memory Leak Avenues & 2 AM Triage Runbook
Post-mortem analysis of production OutOfMemoryError failures: why an innocent token-masking regex crashed a Kubernetes pod, 4 JVM memory leak avenues, metrics senses, and the 2 AM incident triage playbook.
Rate Limiting
A complete guide to rate limiting — from beginner fundamentals to senior-level distributed design. Covers all algorithms, Redis implementations, decision frameworks, failure modes, and production patterns.
Rate Limiting Algorithms
A comprehensive guide to rate-limiting algorithms, including Token Bucket, Leaky Bucket, Fixed Window, Sliding Window Log, and Sliding Window Counter. Covers workflow mechanics, trade-offs, and distributed scaling.
Redis Advanced Data Structures & Algorithms
A senior deep dive into Redis advanced data types — Bitmaps, HyperLogLog, Geospatial, Streams, Sorted Sets, and Bloom Filters — with internals, memory math, production patterns, and when to use each.
Redis as Distributed Cache
Distributed caching patterns with Redis — cache-aside, write-through, write-behind, read-through — and production concerns like stampede, warming, invalidation, and Spring Cache integration.
Redis Performance, Patterns & Production Design
Advanced Redis patterns — distributed locking, rate limiting, session management, leaderboards, search, and production performance tuning for senior engineers.
Redis Pipeline, Transactions & Lua Scripts
Deep dive into Redis pipelining for throughput optimization, MULTI/EXEC transactions, optimistic locking with WATCH, and atomic Lua scripting — with production patterns and pitfalls.
Scaling Reads
Strategies for handling high read QPS including caching layers, read replicas, CDN, CQRS, and database indexing. Covers Redis patterns, cache invalidation, consistency models, fan-out strategies, and senior-level deep dives into coherence, hot keys, and tail latency.
Scaling Writes
Deep-dive into high write throughput techniques — sharding, partitioning, WAL internals, LSM trees, async pipelines, batching, backpressure, idempotency, and distributed transactions — with production Java/Spring code and failure mode analysis.
Spring Data JPA: Custom Queries with @Query
A complete guide to custom JPQL, Native SQL, SpEL, projections, and senior-level internals — persistence context mechanics, N+1 prevention, memory optimization, and connection pool management.
Thread Pools, Netty, Tomcat & HikariCP — The Complete Guide
A comprehensive deep dive into Java thread pools, Netty's event loop model, Tomcat's connector architecture, HikariCP connection pooling, and how they all relate in a Spring Boot application.
Virtual Memory — Deep Dive
A comprehensive guide to virtual memory — covering address spaces, paging mechanics, swap, OOM killer, huge pages, NUMA, and practical Linux/JVM tuning for senior engineers.